TRIZ

The Triz Process Step by Step

1. Identify the Problem

• The Environment
• Resoure requirements
• Primary functions
• Harmful effects
• Ideal Result.

2. Formulate the Problem

• State the problem in Physical contradictions
• Identify new problem when solution is introduce
• Techical conflicts that forces a trade off

3. Search for previously Well-Solved Problem

• Use the 39 contradiction matrix

4. Look for Analogous Solutions and Adapt to problem solution

• Apply the 40 Inventive principles
  

45% of all problems are solved at the first step.

Patents examined and classified by level of inventiveness; and analyzed to look for principles of Innovation.

• Apparent Solution       Personal
  
• Minor Improvement    Company
  
• Major Improvement    Industry
  
• New Concept          External Industry
  
• DIscovery               All
  
  

• Competitive edge
  
• Value addition to value creation
  
• Speed of changes
  
• Look beyond quick fixes
  
• Innovative not mere refinements
  
• Innovating Solution vs Problem Solving
  
• Improve system, service, product, process, quality
  

Weight of moving object - The mass of the object, in a gravitational field. The force that the body exerts on its support or suspension.

Weight of stationary object - The mass of the object, in a gravitational field. The force that the body exerts on its support or suspension, or on the surface on which it rests.

Length of moving object - Any one linear dimension, not necessary the longest, is considered a length.

Length of stationary object - Any one linear dimension, not necessary the longest, is considered a length.

Area of moving object - A geometrical characteristic described by the part of a plane enclosed by a line. The part of a surface occupied by the object. OR the square measure of the surface, either internal or external of an object.

Area of Stationary object - A geometrical characteristic described by the part of a plane enclosed by a line. The part of a surface occupied by the object. OR the square measure of the surface, either internal or external of an object.

Volume of moving object - The cubic measure of space occupied by the object. Length x width x height for a rectangular object, height x area for a cylinder, etc.

Volume of stationary object - The cubic measure of space occupied by the object. Length x width x height for a rectangular object, height x area for a cylinder, etc

Speed - The Velocity of an object, the rate of a process or action in time.

Force - Force measures the interaction between systems, in Newtonian physics, force = mass x acceleration. In Triz, force is any interaction that is intended to change an object's condition.

Stress or Pressure - Force per unit area. Also Tension.

Shape - The external contours, appearance of a system.

Stability of the object's composition - The wholenes or integrity of the system; the relationship of the system's constituent elements. Wear, chemical decomposition, and disassembly are all decreases in stability. Increasing entropy is decreasing stability.

Strength - The extent to which the object is able to resist changing in response to force. Resistance to breaking.

Duration of action by a moving object - The time that the object can perform the action. Servie life. Mean time between failure is a measure of the duration of action. Also, durability.

Duration of action by a stationary object - The time that the object can perform the action. Servie life. Mean time between failure is a measure of the duration of action. Also, durability.

Temperature - The thermal condition of the object or system. Loosely includes other thermal parameters, such as heat capacity, that affect th rate of change of temperature.

Illumination intensity - Light flux per unit area, also any other illumination characteristics of the system such as brightness, light quality, etc.

Use of energy by moving object - The measure of the object's capacity for doing work. In classical mechanics, Energy is the product of force times distance. This includes the use of energy provided by the super-system such as electrical energy or heat. Energy required to do a particular job.

Use of energy by stationary object - The measure of the object's capacity for doing work. In classical mechanics, Energy is the product of force times distance. This includes the use of energy provided by the super-system such as electrical energy or heat. Energy required to do a particular job.

Power (jargon) - The time rate at which work is performed. The rate of use of energy.

Loss of Energy - Use of energy that does not contribute to the job being done. Reducing the loss of energy sometimes requires different techniques from improving the use of energy,which is why this is a separate catergory.

Loss of substance - Partial or complete, permanent or temporary, loss of some of a system's materials, substances, parts, or subsystems.

Loss of information - Partial or complete, permant or temporary, loss of data or acces to data in or by a system. Frequently includes sensory data such as aroma, texture, etc.

Loss of Time - Time is the duration of an activity. Improving the loss of time means reducing the time taken for the activity. "Cycle time reduction" is a common term.

Quantity of substance/the matter - The number or amount of a system's materials, substances, parts or subsystems which might be changed fully or partially, permanently or temporarily.

Reliability - A system's ability to perform its intended functions in predictable ways and conditions.

Measurement accuracy - The closeness of the measured value to the actual value of a property of a system. Reducing the error in a measurement increases the accuracy of the measurement.

Manufacturing precision - The extent to which the actual characteristics of the system or object match the specified or required characteristics.

External harm affects the object -Susceptibility of a system to externally generated (harmful) effects.

Object-generated harmful factors - A harmful effect is one that reduces the efficiency or quality of the functioning of the object or system. These harmful effects are generated by the object or system, as part of its operation.

Ease of manufacture - The degree of facility, comfort or effortlessness in manufacturing or fabricating the objecti/system.

Ease of operation - Simplicity: The process is NOT easy if it requires a large number of people, large number of steps in the operation, needs special tools, etc. "Hard" processes have low yield and "easy" process have high yield; they are easy to do right.

Ease of repair - quality characteristics such as convenience, comfort, simplicity, and time to repair faults, failures, or defects in a system.

Adaptability or versatility - The extent to which a system/object positively responds to external changes. Also, a system that can be used in multiple ways for under a variety of circumstances.

Device complexity - The number and diversity of elements and element interrelationships within a system. The user may be an element of the system that increases the complexity. The difficulty of mastering the system is a measure of its complexity.

Difficulty of detecting and measuring - Measuring or monitoring systems that are complex, costly, require much time and labor to set up and use, or that have complex relationships between components or components that interfere with each other all demonstrate "difficulty of detecting and measuring." Increasing cost of measuring to a satisfactory error is also a sign of increased dificulty of measuring.

Extend of automation = The extent to which a system or object performs its functions without human interface. The lowest level of automation is the use of a manually operated tool. For intermediate levels, humans pogram the tool, observe its operation, and interrupt or re-program as needed. For the highest level, the machine senses the operation needed, programs itself, and monitors its own operations.

Productivity - The number of functions or operations performed by a system per unit time. The time for a unit function or operation. The output per unit time, or the cost per unit output.

1. Weight of moving object
2. Weight of stationary object
3. Length of moving object
4. Length of stationary object
5. Area of moving object.
6. Area of stationary object.
7. Volume of moving object.
8. Volume of stationary object.
9. Speed
10. Force.
11. Stress or pressure
12. Shape.
13. Stability of the object's composition.
14. Strength
15. Duration of action by a moving object.
16. Duration of action by a stationary object.
17. Temperature.
18. Illumination intensity (jargon)
19. Use of energy by moving object
20. Use of energy by stationary object.
21. Power (jargon)
22. Loss of Energy.
23. Loss of substance
24. Loss of information.
25. Loss of Time.
26. Quality of substance / the matter
27. Reliability.
28. Measurement accuracy.
29. Manufacturing precision.
30. External harm affects the object.
31. Object-generated harmful factors.
32. Ease of manufcture.
33. Ease of operation.
34. Ease of operation.
35. Adaptability or versatility.
36. Device complexity.
37. Difficulty of detecting and measuring.
38. Extent of automation.
39. Productivity.

Principle 1 Segmentation

• Divide an object into independent parts.
  
• Make an object easy to disassmble
  
• Increase the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.

• Separat an interfering part or property from an object

• Change an object's structure from uniform to non-uniform
  
• Make each part of an object function in conditions most suitable for its operation
  
• Make each part of an object fulfill a different and useful function.

• Change the shape of an object from symmetrical to asymmetrical.
  
• If an object is asymmetrical, increase its degree of asymmetry.

• Bring closer together identical or similar objects, assembleidentical or similar parts to perform parallel operations.
  
• Make operations contiguous or parallel; bring them together in time.

• Make a part or object perform multiple functions; eliminate the need for other parts

• Place one object inside another; place each object, in turn, inside the other.
• Make one part pass throught a cavity in the other

• To compensate for the weight of an object, merge it with other objects that provide lift.
• To compensate for the weight of an object, make it interact with the environment.

• If it will be necessary to do an action with both harmful and useful effects, this action should be replaced with anti-actions to control the harmful effects.
• Create beforehand stresses in an object that will oppose known undesirable working stress later on

• Perform, before it is needed, the required change of an object.
• Pre-arrange objects such that they can come into action from the most convenient place and without losing time for their delivery.

• Prepare emergency means beforehand to compensate for the relatively low reliability of an object

• In a potential field, limit position changes eliminate the need to raise or lower objects in a gravity field.

• Invert the action used to solve the problem.
• Make movable part fixed, and fixed parts movable.

• Instead of using straight or flat parts, surfaces, or forms, use curved ones; move from flat surfaces to spherical ones; from cube-shaped to ball shaped to ball-shaped structures.
• Use rollers, balls, spirals, domes.
• Go from linear to rotary motion, use centrifugal forces.

• Allow or design the characteristics of an object, external environment or process to change to be optimal or to find an optimal operating condition.
• Divide an object into parts capable of movement relative to each other.
• If an object or process is rigid or inflexible, make it movable or adaptive.

• If 100 percent of an object is hard to achieve using a given solution method then, by using 'slightly less' or 'slightly more' of the same method, the problem may be considerably easier to solve.

• To move an object in two- or three-dimensional space.
• Use a multi-story arrangement of objects instead of a single-story arrangement.
• Tilt or re-orient the object, lay it on its side.
• Use 'another side' of a given area.

• Cause an object to oscillate or vibrate.
• Increase its frequency.
• Use an object's resonant frequency.
• Use piezoelectric vibrators instead of mechanical ones.
• Use combined ultrasonic andelectromagnetic field oscillations.

• Instead of continuous action, use periodic or pulsating actions.
• If an action is already periodic, change the periodic magnitude or frequency.
• Use pauses between impulses to perform a different action.

• Carry on work continuously; make all parts of an object work at full load, all the time.
• Eliminate all idle or intermittent actions or work.

• Conduct a process, or certain stages at high speed

• Use harmful factors to achieve a positive effects
• Eliminate the primary harmful action by adding it to another harmful action to resolve the problem.
• Amplify a harmful factor to such a degree that it is no longer harmful.

• Introduce feedback (referring back, cross-checking) to improve a process or action.
• If feedback is already used, change its magnitude or influence.

• Use an intermediary carrier article or intermediary process.
• Merge one object temporarily with another

• Make an object serve itself by performing auxiliary helpful functions.
• Use waste resources, energy, or substances.

• Instead of an unavailable, expensive, fragile object, use simpler and inexpensive copies.
• Replace an object, or process with optical copies.
• If visible optical copies are already used, move to infrared or ultraviolet copies.

• Replace an expensive object with multiple inexpensive objects, compromising certain qualities.

• Replace a mechanical means with sensory means.
• Use electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields to interact with the object.
• Chang from static to movable fields, from unstructured fields to those having structure.

• Use gas and liquid parts of an object instead of solid parts (eg inflatable, filled with liquids, air cushion, hydrostatic, hydro-reative.

• Use flexible shells and thin films instead of three dimensional structures
• Isolate the object from the external environment using flexible shells and thin films.

• Make an object porous or add porous elements.
• If an object is already porous, use the pores to introduce a useful substance or function.

• Changes the color of an object or its external environment.
• Changes the transparency of an object or its external environment.

• Make interacting objects out of the same material (or material with identical properties).

• Make portions of an objet that have fulfulled their functions go away (discard by dissolving, evaporating,etc)
• Conversely, restore consumable parts of an object directly in operation.

• Change an object's physical state (solid/liquid/gas/plasma, sunsulator/conductor, normal conductor/superconductor, paramagnet/ferromagnet, etc.)
• change concentration or consistency.
• Change the degree of flexibility.
• change the Temperature.

• Use phenomena occurring during phase transitions (e.g. voume chagnes, loss or absorption of heat, etc)

• Use thermal expansion (or contraction) of materials.
• If thermal expansion is being used, use multiple materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion.

• Replace common air with oxygen-enriched air.
• Replace enriched air with pure oxygen.
• Expose air or oxygen to ionizing radiation.
• Use ionized oxygen.
• Replace ozonized oxygen with ozone.

• Replace a normal environment with an inert one.
• Add neutral parts, or inert additives to an object.

• Change from uniform to composite materials.

TRIZ pronounced as TREES, is a Theory of Inventive Problem Solving developed by a Russian Genrich Altshuller (1926-1988).
TRIZ in Russian is "Teoriya Resheniya Izobreatatelskikh Zadatch"

While working in the USSR (former Soviet Union) patent office he and his colleagues analyzed over 200,000 patents and discover how innovation had taken place.

From there he developed the following laws and concepts.
40 Principles of Invention
Evolution of Technical system
Technical and Physical Contradictions
Concept of Ideality
Inventive Problem-solving.